Oil burner



P 1935. E. BAUER 2,014,714

OIL BURNER Filed Dec. 1, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l WITNESSES.- INVENTOR:Eli/ M Emor'gLouis Bauer- 1 ,1 /'1 ATTORNEY E. L. BAUER Sept. 17, 1935.

OIL BURNER Filed Dec. 1, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR: EmoryLouLsBauer WITNESSES:

M2 Z I Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 19 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners, and has for an object to providean improved type of oil burner embodying a pot for the combustion of theoil, and improved means for supplying air to support the combustion.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner havingmeans for introducing oil to the center of the bottom of the pot, withmeans for igniting the oil in such position, and air inlets above saidposition for supplying air to complete the combustion initiated by apilot adjacent to said 011 deposit.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means forsupplying air to a pot type of liquid fuel burner.

The invention, therefore, comprises a pot with means for introducing oilinto the center of the bottom of the pot, with means, as a gas pilot,for igniting the deposit of oil, and air inlets extending downwardlyinto the sides of the pot but terminating above the bottom, togetherwith a ring about the top all perforated for educting the air and withmeans for forcing air into said educting conduits.

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention and the viewstherein are as follows:

Figure 1 is a view of the invention partly in side elevation and partlyin approximately diametrical section,

Figure 2 is a view principally in top plan, but with part of the topring broken away and showing line l--| as the plane of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a detail fragmentary radial view through a modified type ofring,

Figures 4, 5 and 6 are, respectively, modifications of the air inlets.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views.

The oil burner which forms the subject-matter of this applicationcomprises a pot A composed of the bottom l0 and side walls ll. As shownin the drawings, this pot is an integral structure, but it is to beunderstood that it may be constructed in sections or parts asconvenience of manufacture or exigencies of use may make necessary ordesirable.

Means is provided for supplying oil or other liquid fuel to the bottomof the pot. This means may be any means approved, and the showing of thepipe l2 with the nozzle I3 is to be understood as merely illustrative.With such a device, the oil will drip, as indicated by the drop l4, ontothe bottom IU of the pot, and substantially in the center thereof.

Some means is provided for igniting the oil thus deposited. As shown inthe drawings, a gas pipe 15 and pilot I6 is indicated, which may supporta pilot flame I! immediately over such oil deposit.

It is to be understood, however, that this is purely illustrative, andthat any, means found conven- 5 ient for igniting the oil deposit iswithin the scope of the present invention.

About the top of the not an annular ring I8 is provided havingperforations l9 directed at an inclination upwardly. From this annularring a 10 number of legs extend downwardly within the pot, stoppingshort of the bottom. At Figure 1, one of the legs 20 is shown being soperforated at 2|, that air will be educted as indicated by the arrows atFigures 1 and 2, spirally and at the same time, 15 upwardly.

The legs 20 are in communication with the annular tube l8 and air issupplied by means of one or more conduits 22 from any source of airunder pressure, indicated conveniently by the blower 23. 20

As indicated at Figures 1 and 2 also the legs 20 are indicated ascircular in cross-section. Other types of legs, circular incross-section, are also indicated at 24 in Figure 4, with more than asingle row of perforations, so that the air educted 25 from such legswill be in more than one vertical plane, and will be directed spirallyas before described, but on arcs of diiferent radii.

At Figure 5, the legs 25 are indicated as being perforated with threevertical rows of perforations, the leg itself being half round incrosssection.

At Figure 6 the legs 26 are indicated as triangular, perforated uponboth equilateral sides, so that the air is directed about the perimeterof the pot in opposite directions, forming a more complete mixture ofthe air and combustible ma terial than in some of the other types.

The top of the pot A is preferably flanged out, as shown at 21, and aring 28 of substantially the same diameter is secured thereon in anyapproved manner. Clips 29 are shown at Figures 1 and 2, but it is to beunderstood that any approved means may be employed.

A second ring 30 is preferably associated with 45 the ring 28 by arabbet formed in the ring 28 in which the ring 30 is seated. At Figure 3the ring 28' is shown overlaid by the ring 30, these being merelyalternate structures.

In the operation of the device, the pilot flame 50 I! will normally becontinuously maintained. The heater, as such, is intended to be of theon and off type, that is to say, when it is operated, it is operated atfull capacity, the operation to be discontinued by thermostatic control,all of which is not shown, but is well understood in the art.

When the oil is deposited upon the bottom of the pot, as indicated bythe drop I, it is ignited by the gas pilot I1. Simultaneously, air isadmitted to be educted from the ring l8 and the legs 20, 24, 25 or 25.Stopping the legs short of the bottom of the pot is very important,otherwise the air educted would extinguish the flame supported by theoil in the bottom of the pot initially.

Sufficient air, however, reaches the oil flame to support combustion. Asheat is generated the combustion becomes more and more perfect until inits flnal stage the pot is completely filled only with gas and airmixture, which is emitted, and the combustion is supported wholly abovethe ring 30 or 30'.

As the combustion is supported at this point the ring 30 or 30' is, ofcourse, subjected to the greatest heat of all the installation and is,therefore, made easily and cheaply replaceable. The heat maintainedwithin the pot during the time of complete combustion is only sufficientto completely gasify the oil to mix it with the air and ,discharge itthrough the ring 30 or 30', as an inflammable mixture.

As indicatedin the drawings, the legs which are inserted downwardly intothe pot are three in number. It is obvious that a greater or less numberof legs may be employed which may be indicated somewhat by the size ofthe pot and the heating requirements of the installation, but will alsobe indicated by the requirement of combustion.

Also, as shown, two of the air conduits 22 are indicated ascommunicating with the ring II. It is obvious that in largerinstallations the number of air conduits may be increased, and it iseven possible that in a small installation a single air conduit willserve the purpose. It is to be understood that the invention is in noway limited to the number of air conduits or number of -perforated legswhich are shown in the drawings, as the same may be increased ordecreased, as the same may seem necessary or desirable.

Although a number of different types of legs with various perforationshave been shown in the drawings, it is to be understood that these typesare merely illustrative, and that other types differently perforated arewithin the scope of the invention, it being understood that it is at thepresent time thought desirable or necessary that the legs or theperforations thereof shall stop considerably short of the bottom of thepot to prevent extinguishing the oil flame at the early stages, but tostill provide sufficient air to form an inflammable mixture before themixture immerges from the flame orifice, defined by the ring 30 or 30'.

Of course, the oil burner herein' illustrated may be modified andchanged in various ways without departing from the invention herein setforth and hereinafter claimed.

I claim:--

1. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, andmeans connected to one of said conduits operable to supply air theretounder pressure.

2. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly into said pot, and means connected to one of saidconduits operable to supply air thereto under pressure.

3. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly along the side wallsinto said pot, and means connected to one of said conduits operable tosupply air thereto under pressure.

4. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, theperforationsof said last named conduit being directed angularly towardthe interior of the pot, and means connected to one of said conduitsoperable to supply air thereto under pressure.

5. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, theperforations of said last named conduit stopping short of the bottom ofthe pot, and means connected to one of said conduits operable to supplyair thereto under pressure.

6. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, theperforations of the last named conduit being along the inner side only,and means connected to one of said conduits operable to supply airthereto under pressure.

7. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, theperforations of the last named conduit being along the inner side only,and circumferentially directed, and means connected to one of saidconduits operable to supply air thereto under pressure.

8. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, theperforations of said last named conduit being directed circumferentiallyof the pot, and means connected to one of said conduits operable tosupply air thereto under pressure.

9. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, anannulus overlying the annular conduit having an opening of less diameterthan said conduit, and means connected to one of said conduits operableto supply air thereto under pressure.

10. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly along the side walls into said pot, theperforations of said last named conduit being directed angularly towardthe interior of the pot, and means connected to one of said conduitsoperable to supply air thereto under pressure.

11. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly into said pot, the perforations of the last namedconduit being along the inner side only, an annulus overlying theannular conduit having an opening of less diameter than said conduit.

12. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly along the side-walls into said pot, theperforations of the last named conduit being along the inner side onlyand circumferentially directed, an annulus overlying the annular conduithaving an opening of less diameter than said conduit.

13. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular con-, duit supported inward of and contiguous to therim of said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly along the side walls into said pot, theperforations of said last named conduit being directed circumferentiallyof the pct,

and means connected to one of said conduits operable to supply airthereto under pressure.

14. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a periorated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly along the side walls into said pot, theperforations of said last named conduit stopping short of the bottom ofthe pot, an annulus overlying the annular conduit having an opening ofless diameter than said conduit, and means connected to one of saidconduits operable to supply air thereto under pressure. 5

15. An oil burner comprising a pot, means tointroduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous'to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, meansconnected to one of said conduits operable to supply air thereto underpressure, and means above said ring tending to deflect flames generatedat the perforations of the annular conduit.

16. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, said annular conduit having a perforated conduitcommunicating therewith and extending downwardly into said pot, meansconnected to one of said conduits operable to supply air thereto underpressure, and means above said ring tending to radially deflect flamesgenerated at the perforations of the annular conduit.

17. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel into thebottom thereof, a permrated annular conduit supported inward of andcontiguous to the rim of said pot, said annular conduit having aperforated conduit communicating therewith and extending downwardly intosaid pot, and means connected to one of said conduits operable to supplyair thereto under pressure.

18. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel into thecenter of the bottom thereof, a perforated annular conduit supportedinward of and contiguous to the rim of said pot, said annular conduithaving a perforated conduit communicating therewith and extending down-0 wardly into said pot, and means connected to one of said conduitsoperable to supply air thereto under pressure.

19. An oil burner comprising a pot, means to introduce fuel thereto, aperforated annular conduit supported inward of and contiguous to the rimof said pot, the perforations being directed upwardly, said annularconduit having a perforated conduit communicating therewith andextending downwardly into, said pot, and means connected to one of saidconduits operable to supply air thereto under pressure, the perforationsof the downwardly extending conduit adapted to discharge air at variouslevels.

EMORY ours BAUER.

